如何利用MySQL的binlog恢复误删数据库详解
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2024-04-02 08:06:15
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1 查看当前数据库内容并备份数据库
查看数据库信息:
备份数据库:
?1 2 3 4 | [root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -u root -p t > /mnt/t.sql enter password : [root@localhost ~]# ll /mnt/t.sql -rw-r --r-- 1 root root 1771 aug 25 11:56 /mnt/t.sql |
2 开启bin_log功能
首先查看数据库是否开启bin_log功能
?1 | mysql> show variables like "%log_bin%" ; |
需要修改mysql的配置文件,/etc/的my.cnf,添加一句log_bin = mysql_bin即可
3 模拟误操作(插入3条数据,删除数据库)
?1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 | mysql> insert into t1 values (3); query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into t1 values (4); query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into t1 values (5); query ok, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t1; + ------+ | id | + ------+ | 1 | | 2 | | 5 | | 4 | | 3 | + ------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> flush logs; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show master status; + ------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | file | position | binlog_do_db | binlog_ignore_db | + ------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql_bin.000003 | 106 | | | + ------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) |
删除数据:
?1 2 3 4 5 | mysql> truncate t1; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t1; empty set (0.00 sec) |
此时突然数据库损坏或者人为删除
?1 2 3 4 5 | mysql> drop table t1; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show tables; empty set (0.00 sec) |
4 数据恢复
1 用已经备份的/mnt/t.sql来恢复数据
?1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 | mysql> source /mnt/t.sql; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec) records: 2 duplicates: 0 warnings: 0 query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show tables; + -------------+ | tables_in_t | + -------------+ | t1 | + -------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t1; + ------+ | id | + ------+ | 1 | | 2 | + ------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
2 还有三条数据没有恢复,怎么办。只能用bin-log来恢复
?1 | [root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults /var/lib/mysql/mysql_bin.000002 | mysql -u root -p123.com t |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 | mysql> use t; reading table information for completion of table and column names you can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -a database changed mysql> select * from t1; + ------+ | id | + ------+ | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 4 | | 5 | + ------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> |
5 总结
备份数据
?1 2 3 | mysqldump -uroot -p123456 test -l -f '/tmp/test.sql' -l:读锁(只能读取,不能更新) -f:即flush logs,可以重新生成新的日志文件,当然包括log-bin日志 |
查看binlog日志
?1 | mysql>show master status; |
导入之前备份数据
?1 2 3 | mysql -uroot -p t -v -f </mnt/t.sql -v查看导入的详细信息 -f是当中间遇到错误时,可以skip过去,继续执行下面的语句 |
恢复binlog-file二进制日志文件
?1 | mysqlbinlog --no-defaults binlog-file | mysql -uroot -p t |
从某一(367)点开始恢复
?1 | mysqlbinlog --no-defaults --stop-position="367" mysql-bin.000001| mysql -uroot -p t |
先查好那一点,用more来查看
?1 | [root@localhost mysql]# /usr/bin/mysqlbinlog --no-defaults mysql-bin.000002 --start-position="794" --stop-position="1055" | more |
然后恢复
?1 | [root@localhost mysql]# /usr/bin/mysqlbinlog --no-defaults mysql-bin.000002 --start-position="794" --stop-position="1055" | /usr/bin/mysql -uroot -p t |
重置binlog日志
?1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | mysql> reset master; query ok, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show master status; + ------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | file | position | binlog_do_db | binlog_ignore_db | + ------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 106 | | | + ------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ |
1 | mysql> flush logs;#关闭当前的二进制日志文件并创建一个新文件,新的二进制日志文件的名字在当前的二进制文件的编号上加1。 |
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原文链接:https://juejin.cn/post/7012122461110009863
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