Linux7.6二进制安装Mysql8.0.27详细操作步骤

吾爱主题阅读：113 2024-04-02 18:53:01 评论：0

一、环境准备
- 1.1 操作系统版本
- 1.2 磁盘空间
- 1.3 关闭防火墙
- 1.4 关闭 selinux
- 1.5 host解析
- 1.6 mysql下载
二、 yum安装及配置
- 2.1 挂载本地光盘镜像
- 2.2 配置yum源
- 2.3 安装依赖包
三、卸载mariadb
四、安装 mysql
- 4.1 用户及目录创建
- 4.2 用户及组
- 4.3 上传软件包并解压
五.环境变量配置
六.创建参数文件
七.数据库初始化
八.启动mysql
九.登陆mysql
十.修改密码
十一.远程登陆设置

一、环境准备

1.1 操作系统版本

1 2	`[root@rhel76 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release` `red hat enterprise linux server release 7.6 (maipo)`

1.2 磁盘空间

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 [root@rhel76 ~]# df -th filesystem type size used avail use% mounted on /dev/mapper/rhel-root xfs 32g 4.6g 27g 15% / devtmpfs devtmpfs 2.1g 0 2.1g 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 2.1g 0 2.1g 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 2.1g 14m 2.1g 1% /run tmpfs tmpfs 2.1g 0 2.1g 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 xfs 996m 172m 825m 18% /boot /dev/mapper/rhel-u01 xfs 30g 34m 30g 1% /u01 tmpfs tmpfs 413m 4.1k 413m 1% /run/ user /42 tmpfs tmpfs 413m 46k 413m 1% /run/ user /0

1.3 关闭防火墙

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 [root@rhel76 ~]# systemctl status firewalld ● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled) active: active (running) since tue 2021-11-23 23:46:04 utc; 9min ago docs: man:firewalld(1) main pid: 9621 (firewalld) tasks: 2 cgroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service └─9621 /usr/bin/python -es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid nov 23 23:46:03 rhel76 systemd[1]: starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon... nov 23 23:46:04 rhel76 systemd[1]: started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon. [root@rhel76 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@rhel76 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi- user .target.wants/firewalld.service. removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.firewalld1.service.

1.4 关闭 selinux

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 [root@rhel76 ~]# getenforce enforcing [root@rhel76 ~]# cp /etc/selinux/config /etc/selinux/config_` date + "%y%m%d_%h%m%s" ` [root@rhel76 ~]# sed -i 's/selinux\=enforcing/selinux\=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config 以上修改完后重启 [root@rhel76 ~]# reboot [root@rhel76 ~]# getenforce disabled [root@rhel76 ~]# sestatus selinux status: disabled

1.5 host解析

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 [root@rhel76 ~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.6.81 rhel76 [root@rhel76 ~]# hostname rhel76

1.6 mysql下载

1 2	`https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/` `md5: 0bdd171cb8464ba32f65f7bf58bc9533`

二、 yum安装及配置

2.1 挂载本地光盘镜像

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 [root@rhel76 ~]# mkdir -p /mnt/dvd/ [root@rhel76 ~]# df -th filesystem type size used avail use% mounted on /dev/mapper/rhel-root xfs 32g 4.7g 27g 15% / devtmpfs devtmpfs 2.1g 0 2.1g 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 2.1g 0 2.1g 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 2.1g 14m 2.1g 1% /run tmpfs tmpfs 2.1g 0 2.1g 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 xfs 996m 172m 825m 18% /boot /dev/mapper/rhel-u01 xfs 30g 34m 30g 1% /u01 tmpfs tmpfs 413m 21k 413m 1% /run/ user /0 tmpfs tmpfs 413m 13k 413m 1% /run/ user /42 /dev/sr0 iso9660 4.5g 4.5g 0 100% /run/media/root/rhel-7.6 server.x86_64 [root@rhel76 ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/dvd mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read - only you have mail in /var/spool/mail/root

2.2 配置yum源

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 [root@rhel76 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@rhel76 yum.repos.d]# cat >> /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo << "eof" > [rhel7] > name =jeames repo > baseurl=file:///mnt/dvd/ > gpgcheck=0 > eof

2.3 安装依赖包

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 [root@rhel76 ~]# yum -y groupinstall "development tools" loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager this system is not registered with an entitlement server. you can use subscription-manager to register. there is no installed groups file. maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum) loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile warning: group development does not have any packages to install. maybe run: yum groups mark install (see man yum) no packages in any requested group available to install or update [root@rhel76 ~]# yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel openssl-devel bison gcc gcc-c++ make

三、卸载mariadb

1 2 3 4 [root@rhel76 ~]# rpm -qa |grep mariadb mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 [root@rhel76 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

四、安装 mysql

4.1 用户及目录创建

1 注：可以部署多个实例，通过端口区分root 用户操作：mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306mkdir -p /mysql/app/mkdir -p /mysql/conf/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/pid/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/socket/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/log/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/binlog/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/errlogmkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/relaylog/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/slowlog/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/tmp/

4.2 用户及组

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 [root@rhel76 ~]# groupadd mysql [root@rhel76 ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql [root@rhel76 ~]# chown -r mysql:mysql /mysql [root@rhel76 ~]# passwd mysql changing password for user mysql. new password : bad password : the password is shorter than 8 characters retype new password : passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@rhel76 ~]# cat /etc/ group | grep mysql mysql:x:1001: [root@rhel76 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql mysql:x:1001:1001::/home/mysql:/bin/bash

4.3 上传软件包并解压

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 [root@rhel76 ~]# cp mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz /mysql/app [root@rhel76 ~]# chown -r mysql:mysql /mysql mysql用户操作 [root@rhel76 ~]# su - mysql md5 值验证，保证下载到的软件包无破损无木马 [mysql@rhel76 ~]$ cd /mysql/app [mysql@rhel76 app]$ ll total 1168588 -rw-r --r-- 1 mysql mysql 1196633756 nov 24 00:49 mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz [mysql@rhel76 app]$ md5sum mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz 0bdd171cb8464ba32f65f7bf58bc9533 mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz 解压软件包并重命名 [mysql@rhel76 app]$ tar xvf mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz [mysql@rhel76 app]$ mv mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql8.0.27 [mysql@rhel76 app]$ ll total 1168588 drwxrwxr-x 9 mysql mysql 129 nov 24 00:54 mysql8.0.27 -rw-r --r-- 1 mysql mysql 1196633756 nov 24 00:49 mysql-8.0.27-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

五.环境变量配置

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 cat >> /home/mysql/.bash_profile << "eof" mysql_home=/mysql/app/mysql8.0.27 path=$path:$home/. local /bin:$home/bin:$mysql_home/bin eof source ~/.bash_profile which mysql

六.创建参数文件

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 由于是二进制文件安装，数据库参数文件需要自己配置 cat >> /mysql/conf/my3306.cnf << "eof" [mysqld] server_id = 80273306 default -storage-engine= innodb basedir=/mysql/app/mysql8.0.27 datadir=/mysql/data/mysql3306/data/ socket=/mysql/data/mysql3306/socket/mysql.sock log-error=/mysql/data/mysql3306/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/mysql/data/mysql3306/pid/mysqld.pid port=3306 default -time_zone= '+8:00' default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password # 加此参数可远程登陆 transaction_isolation= read - committed max_connections=1500 back_log=500 wait_timeout=1800 max_user_connections=800 innodb_buffer_pool_size=1024m innodb_log_file_size=512m innodb_log_buffer_size=40m slow_query_log= on long_query_time=5 # log settings # slow_query_log = on slow_query_log_file = /mysql/data/mysql3306/slowlog/slow3306.log log_error = /mysql/data/mysql3306/errlog/err3306.log log_error_verbosity = 3 log_bin = /mysql/data/mysql3306/binlog/mysql_bin log_bin_index = /mysql/data/mysql3306/binlog/mysql_binlog. index general_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql3306/generallog/general.log log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1 log_slow_admin_statements = 1 expire_logs_days = 90 binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 2592000 #30d long_query_time = 2 min_examined_row_limit = 100 log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 1000 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1 eof

七.数据库初始化

1 2 3 mysql用户操作： mysqld --defaults-file=/mysql/conf/my3306.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/mysql/app/mysql8.0.27 --datadir=/mysql/data/mysql3306/data/ 注意：以上同一行执行

八.启动mysql

1 2 3 4 [mysql@rhel76 ~]$ mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mysql/conf/my3306.cnf --user=mysql & [1] 21406 [mysql@rhel76 ~]$ 2021-11-24t06:14:23.240372z mysqld_safe logging to '/mysql/data/mysql3306/errlog/err3306.log' . 2021-11-24t06:14:23.296992z mysqld_safe starting mysqld daemon with databases from /mysql/data/mysql3306/data

九.登陆mysql

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 第一次登录 mysql 时，需要到错误日志下找初始化密码，我这里的密码为：-(qy5aj9t,=a 使用 socket 加密码登录进去后，无法查询任何东西，提示先要修改 root 密码。 [mysql@rhel76 ~]$ cat /mysql/data/mysql3306/errlog/err3306.log | grep password 2021-11-24t06:12:14.610657z 0 [note] [my-010309] [server] auto generated rsa key files through --sha256_password_auto_generate_rsa_keys are placed in data directory. 2021-11-24t06:12:14.610686z 0 [note] [my-010308] [server] skipping generation of rsa key pair through --caching_sha2_password_auto_generate_rsa_keys as key files are present in data directory. 2021-11-24t06:12:14.615367z 6 [note] [my-010454] [server] a temporary password is generated for root@localhost: -(qy5aj9t,=a 2021-11-24t06:14:26.153958z 0 [note] [my-010308] [server] skipping generation of rsa key pair through --sha256_password_auto_generate_rsa_keys as key files are present in data directory. 2021-11-24t06:14:26.153979z 0 [note] [my-010308] [server] skipping generation of rsa key pair through --caching_sha2_password_auto_generate_rsa_keys as key files are present in data directory. [mysql@rhel76 ~]$ mysql -uroot -p enter password : error 2002 (hy000): can 't connect to local mysql server through socket ' /tmp/mysql.sock ' (2) ##此处通过sock登陆 [mysql@rhel76 ~]$ mysql -uroot -p -p 3306 -s /mysql/data/mysql3306/socket/mysql.sock enter password: welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g. your mysql connection id is 8 server version: 8.0.27 copyright (c) 2000, 2021, oracle and/or its affiliates. oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. type ' help; ' or ' \h ' for help. type ' \c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> status error 1820 (hy000): you must reset your password using alter user statement before executing this statement.

十.修改密码

1 mysql> alter user root@ 'localhost' identified by 'root' ;query ok, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> status --------------mysql ver 8.0.27 for linux on x86_64 (mysql community server - gpl)connection id: 8current database:current user: root@localhostssl: not in usecurrent pager: stdoutusing outfile: ''using delimiter: ;server version: 8.0.27protocol version: 10connection: localhost via unix socketserver characterset: utf8mb4db characterset: utf8mb4client characterset: utf8mb4conn. characterset: utf8mb4unix socket: /mysql/data/mysql3306/socket/mysql.sockbinary data as: hexadecimaluptime: 8 min 0 secthreads: 2 questions: 7 slow queries: 0 opens: 398 flush tables: 3 open tables: 36 queries per second avg: 0.014--------------