Ubuntu搭建Mysql+Keepalived高可用的实现(双主热备)

吾爱主题阅读：113 2024-04-02 18:53:08 评论：0

Mysql5.5双机热备

实现方案

安装两台Mysql

安装Mysql5.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 sudo apt-get update apt-get install aptitude aptitude install mysql-server-5.5 或 sudo apt-cache search mariadb-server apt-get install -y mariadb-server-5.5

卸载

1 2	`sudo` `apt-get remove mysql-*` `dpkg -l \|` `grep` `^rc\|` `awk` `'{print $2}'` `\|` `sudo` `xargs` `dpkg -P`

配置权限

1 2 3 4 5 6 vim /etc/mysql/my .cnf #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 mysql -u root -p grant all on *.* to root@ '%' identified by 'root' with grant option; flush privileges;

配置两台Mysql主主同步

配置节点1

vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 server-id = 1 #节点ID log_bin = mysql-bin.log #日志 binlog_format = "ROW" #日志格式 auto_increment_increment = 2 #自增ID间隔(=节点数，防止ID冲突) auto_increment_offset = 1 #自增ID起始值(节点ID) binlog_ignore_db=mysql #不同步的数据库 binlog_ignore_db=information_schema binlog_ignore_db=performance_schema

重启mysql

1 2	`service mysql restart` `mysql -u root -p`

记录节点1的binlog日志位置

1 2	`show master status;` `mysql-bin.000001 245 mysql,information_schema,performance_schema`

配置节点2

vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 server-id = 2 log_bin = mysql-bin.log relay_log = mysql-relay-bin.log #中继日志 log_slave_updates = ON #中继日志执行后，变化计入日志 read_only = 0 binlog_format = "ROW" auto_increment_increment = 2 auto_increment_offset = 2 binlog_ignore_db=mysql binlog_ignore_db=information_schema binlog_ignore_db=performance_schema replicate_ignore_db=mysql replicate_ignore_db=information_schema replicate_ignore_db=performance_schema

配置主从

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 mysql -u root -p CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST= '192.168.1.21' , MASTER_USER= 'root' , MASTER_PASSWORD= 'root' , MASTER_LOG_FILE= 'mysql-bin.000001' , MASTER_LOG_POS=245; #开启同步 start slave #查看同步状态 Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running需要均为Yes show slave status;

记录节点2的binlog日志位置

1 2 3 show master status; mysql-bin.000001 1029 mysql,information_schema,performance_schema

配置主主（节点1）

vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

1 2 3 4 5 6 relay_log = mysql-relay-bin.log log_slave_updates = ON read_only = 0 replicate_ignore_db=mysql replicate_ignore_db=information_schema replicate_ignore_db=performance_schema

开启同步

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 mysql -u root -p CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST= '192.168.1.20' , MASTER_USER= 'root' , MASTER_PASSWORD= 'root' , MASTER_LOG_FILE= 'mysql-bin.000001' , MASTER_LOG_POS=1029; #开启同步 start slave #查看同步状态 Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running需要均为Yes show slave status;

异常处理

Could not initialize master info structure, more error messages can be found in the MySQL error log
解决：reset slave

安装配置Keepalived

安装Keepalived

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 #依赖 sudo apt-get install -y libssl-dev sudo apt-get install -y openssl sudo apt-get install -y libpopt-dev sudo apt-get install -y libnl-dev libnl-3-dev libnl-genl-3.dev apt-get install daemon apt-get install libc-dev apt-get install libnfnetlink-dev apt-get install libnl-genl-3.dev #安装 apt-get install keepalived #编译安装 cd /usr/local wget https: //www .keepalived.org /software/keepalived-2 .2.2. tar .gz tar -zxvf keepalived-2.2.2. tar .gz mv keepalived-2.2.2 keepalived . /configure --prefix= /usr/local/keepalived sudo make && make install #开启日志 sudo vim /etc/rsyslog .d /50-default .conf *.=info;*.=notice;*.=warn;\ auth,authpriv.none;\ cron ,daemon.none;\ mail,news.none - /var/log/messages sudo service rsyslog restart tail -f /var/log/messages sudo mkdir /etc/sysconfig sudo cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ sudo cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc .d /init .d /keepalived /etc/init .d/ sudo cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/ sudo mkdir /etc/keepalived sudo cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived .conf /etc/keepalived/

配置节点信息

节点1 192.168.1.21

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 global_defs { router_id MYSQL_HA　　#当前节点名 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP #两台配置节点均为BACKUP interface eth0 #绑定虚拟IP的网络接口 virtual_router_id 51 #VRRP组名，两个节点的设置必须一样，以指明各个节点属于同一VRRP组 priority 101 #节点的优先级,另一台优先级改低一点 advert_int 1 #组播信息发送间隔，两个节点设置必须一样 nopreempt #不抢占，只在优先级高的机器上设置即可，优先级低的机器不设置 authentication { #设置验证信息，两个节点必须一致 auth_type PASS auth_pass 123456 } virtual_ipaddress { #指定虚拟IP,两个节点设置必须一样 192.168.1.111 } } virtual_server 192.168.1.111 3306 { #linux虚拟服务器(LVS)配置 delay_loop 2 #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态 lb_algo wrr #LVS调度算法,rr|wrr|lc|wlc|lblc|sh|dh lb_kind DR #LVS集群模式 ,NAT|DR|TUN persistence_timeout 60 #会话保持时间 protocol TCP #使用的协议是TCP还是UDP real_server 192.168.1.21 3306 { weight 3 #权重 notify_down /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh #检测到服务down后执行的脚本 TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 #连接超时时间 nb_get_retry 3 #重连次数 delay_before_retry 3 #重连间隔时间 connect_port 3306 #健康检查端口 } } }

节点2 192.168.1.20

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 global_defs { router_id MYSQL_HA　　#当前节点名 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP #两台配置节点均为BACKUP interface eth0 #绑定虚拟IP的网络接口 virtual_router_id 51 #VRRP组名，两个节点的设置必须一样，以指明各个节点属于同一VRRP组 priority 100 #节点的优先级,另一台优先级改低一点 advert_int 1 #组播信息发送间隔，两个节点设置必须一样 nopreempt #不抢占，只在优先级高的机器上设置即可，优先级低的机器不设置 authentication { #设置验证信息，两个节点必须一致 auth_type PASS auth_pass 123456 } virtual_ipaddress { #指定虚拟IP,两个节点设置必须一样 192.168.1.111 } } virtual_server 192.168.1.111 3306 { #linux虚拟服务器(LVS)配置 delay_loop 2 #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态 lb_algo wrr #LVS调度算法,rr|wrr|lc|wlc|lblc|sh|dh lb_kind DR #LVS集群模式 ,NAT|DR|TUN persistence_timeout 60 #会话保持时间 protocol TCP #使用的协议是TCP还是UDP real_server 192.168.1.20 3306 { weight 3 #权重 notify_down /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh #检测到服务down后执行的脚本 TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 #连接超时时间 nb_get_retry 3 #重连次数 delay_before_retry 3 #重连间隔时间 connect_port 3306 #健康检查端口 } } }

编写异常处理脚本

vim /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh

1 2	`#!/bin/sh` `killall keepalived`

分配权限

chmod +x /usr/local/bin/mysql.sh
###测试
重启keepalived

1	`service keepalived restart`

查看日志

1	`tail` `-f` `/var/log/messages`

查看虚拟IP

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ip addr #或ip a 或ifconfig #主节点会有虚拟IP eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:9e:17:53:e5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.21/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.1.111/32 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

关闭主节点的mysql服务

1	`service mysql stop`

日志信息

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 #主节点 Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_healthcheckers[4949]: TCP connection to [192.168.1.20]:3306 failed !!! Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_healthcheckers[4949]: Removing service [192.168.1.20]:3306 from VS [192.168.1.111]:3306 Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_healthcheckers[4949]: Executing [/usr/local/bin/mysql.sh] for service [192.168.1.20]:3306 in VS [192.168.1.111]:3306 Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_healthcheckers[4949]: Lost quorum 1-0=1 > 0 for VS [192.168.1.111]:3306 Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 Keepalived_vrrp[4950]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) sending 0 priority Aug 10 15:00:30 i-7jaope92 kernel: [100918.976041] IPVS: __ip_vs_del_service: enter #从节点 Aug 10 15:00:31 i-6gxo6kx7 Keepalived_vrrp[718]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE Aug 10 15:00:32 i-6gxo6kx7 Keepalived_vrrp[718]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE

虚拟IP从主节点漂移到从节点

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ip a eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:9e:e7:26:5c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.20/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.1.111/32 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever