PHP实现网络请求的方法总结

一、分析php发送网网络请求的方法

对于php发送网络请求，我们最常用的请求就是curl,有时我们也会用到file_get_contents函数发送网络请求，但file_get_contents只能完成一些间单的网络请求，稍复杂的就无法完成，例如文件上传，cookies，验证，表单提交等，用php的curl可以使用URL的语法模拟浏览器来传输数据，因为它是模拟浏览器，因此它同样支持多种协议，FTP, FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS, GOPHER, TELNET, DICT, FILE 以及 LDAP等协议都可以很好的支持，包括一些：HTTPS认证，HTTP POST方法，HTTP PUT方法，FTP上传，keyberos认证，HTTP上传，代理服务器，cookies，用户名/密码认证，下载文件断点续传，上传文件断点续传，http代理服务器管道，甚至它还支持IPv6，scoket5代理服务器，通过http代理服务器上传文件到FTP服务器等等，所以我们在开发中尽量用curl发网络请求，无论是简单还是复杂

二、file_get_contents发送网络请求示例

file_get_contents(path,include_path,context,start,max_length)

一般用file_get_contents或者fopen, file , readfile等函数读取url的时候 会创建一个$http_response_header变量保存HTTP响应的报头,使用fopen等函数打开的数据流信息可以用stream_get_meta_data获取

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$html = file_get_contents ( 'http://www.baidu.com' ); print_r( $http_response_header ); $fp = fopen ( 'http://www.baidu.com' , 'r' ); print_r(stream_get_meta_data( $fp )); fclose( $fp );

摸拟post请求：

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$url = 'http://192.168.1.1/test.php' ; $data = array (      'keyword' => 'test data' , ); $content = http_build_query( $data ); $content_length = strlen ( $content ); $options = array (      'http' => array (          'method' => 'POST' ,          'header' =>          "Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n" .          "Content-length: $content_length\r\n" ,          'content' => $content      ) ); echo file_get_contents ( $url , false, stream_context_create( $options ));

三、php 用curl发送网络请求

curl可以支持https认证、http post、ftp上传、代理、cookies、简单口令认证等等功能,使用前需要先在你的PHP环境中安装和启用curl模块，这里有两种写法供大家参考：

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<?php function geturl( $url ){          $headerArray = array ( "Content-type:application/json;" , "Accept:application/json" );          $ch = curl_init();          curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_URL, $url );          curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);          curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE);          curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);          curl_setopt( $ch ,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headerArray );          $output = curl_exec( $ch );          curl_close( $ch );          $output = json_decode( $output ,true);          return $output ; }     function posturl( $url , $data ){          $data  = json_encode( $data );             $headerArray = array ( "Content-type:application/json;charset='utf-8'" , "Accept:application/json" );          $curl = curl_init();          curl_setopt( $curl , CURLOPT_URL, $url );          curl_setopt( $curl , CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);          curl_setopt( $curl , CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST,FALSE);          curl_setopt( $curl , CURLOPT_POST, 1);          curl_setopt( $curl , CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data );          curl_setopt( $curl ,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headerArray );          curl_setopt( $curl , CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);          $output = curl_exec( $curl );          curl_close( $curl );          return json_decode( $output ，true); }     function puturl( $url , $data ){      $data = json_encode( $data );      $ch = curl_init(); //初始化CURL句柄      curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_URL, $url ); //设置请求的URL      curl_setopt ( $ch , CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array ( 'Content-type:application/json' ));      curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,1); //设为TRUE把curl_exec()结果转化为字串，而不是直接输出      curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "PUT" ); //设置请求方式      curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data ); //设置提交的字符串      $output = curl_exec( $ch );      curl_close( $ch );      return json_decode( $output ,true); }   function delurl( $url , $data ){      $data  = json_encode( $data );      $ch = curl_init();      curl_setopt ( $ch ,CURLOPT_URL, $put_url );      curl_setopt ( $ch , CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array ( 'Content-type:application/json' ));      curl_setopt ( $ch , CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);      curl_setopt ( $ch , CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "DELETE" );        curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data );      $output = curl_exec( $ch );      curl_close( $ch );      $output = json_decode( $output ,true); }   function patchurl( $url , $data ){      $data  = json_encode( $data );      $ch = curl_init();      curl_setopt ( $ch ,CURLOPT_URL, $url );      curl_setopt ( $ch , CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array ( 'Content-type:application/json' ));      curl_setopt ( $ch , CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);      curl_setopt ( $ch , CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "PATCH" );       curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data );     //20170611修改接口，用/id的方式传递，直接写在url中了      $output = curl_exec( $ch );      curl_close( $ch );      $output = json_decode( $output );      return $output ; } ?>

一个函数片时各种请求：

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function sendCurl( $url , $data = null, $method = 'POST' ) {      $method = strtoupper ( $method );      $start_wdmcurl_time = microtime(true);        $header = array ( ' application/x-www-form-urlencoded' );      $ch = curl_init();      curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_URL, $url );      curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, false);      // https 请求      if ( strlen ( $url ) > 5 && strtolower ( substr ( $url , 0, 5)) == "https" )      {          curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);          curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, false);      }      if ( $method == 'GET' ){          if ( $data && is_array ( $data ) && count ( $data )>0 ){              $url .= "?" .http_build_query( $data );          }          curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_URL, $url );      } elseif ( $method == 'POST' ){          curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_POST, 1);          curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data );          if ( is_array ( $data ) && count ( $data )>0)          {              curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_POST, true);              $isPostMultipart = false;              foreach ( $data as $k => $v )              {                  if ( '@' == substr ( $v , 0, 1))                  {                      $isPostMultipart = true;                      break ;                  }              }              unset( $k , $v );              if ( $isPostMultipart ) {                  curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data );              } else {                  curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $data ));              }          }      } elseif (in_array( $method ,[ 'PUT' , 'DELETE' , 'PATCH' ])){          curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, $method );          curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data );      }      curl_setopt( $ch , CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);      curl_setopt( $ch ,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $header );      $reponse = curl_exec( $ch );      curl_close( $ch );      return $reponse ; }

四、使用php composer的扩展guzzlehttp

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1	composer require guzzlehttp/guzzle

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$client = new \GuzzleHttp\Client(); $response = $client ->request( 'GET' , 'https://api.github.com/repos/guzzle/guzzle' );   echo $response ->getStatusCode(); // 200 echo $response ->getHeaderLine( 'content-type' ); // 'application/json; charset=utf8' echo $response ->getBody(); // '{"id": 1420053, "name": "guzzle", ...}'   // Send an asynchronous request. $request = new \GuzzleHttp\Psr7\Request( 'GET' , 'http://httpbin.org' ); $promise = $client ->sendAsync( $request )->then( function ( $response ) {      echo 'I completed! ' . $response ->getBody(); });   $promise ->wait();

日常开发中我们尽量用方法三，自定义用curl处理网络请求，或用composer的guzzlehttp扩展库，有起来也很方便。

以上就是PHP实现网络请求的方法总结的详细内容，更多关于PHP网络请求的资料请关注服务器之家其它相关文章！

原文链接：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/IDRLghqmRW8avz7IJdqzLA