CentOS7.8安装mysql 8.0.20的教程详解

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一、安装mysql软件

下载并安装MySQL官方的 Yum Repository,Mysql版本8.0.20

1 2	`wget -i -c` `http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm`

下载后直接yum安装

1	`yum -y install mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm`

安装MySQL服务器

1	`yum -y install mysql-community-server`

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 [root@CentOS Linux]# yum -y install mysql-community-server Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.lzu.edu.cn * extras: mirror.lzu.edu.cn * updates: mirror.lzu.edu.cn mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql80-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 (1/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 57 kB 00:00:00 mysql-tools-community/x86_64/p FAILED B 00:51:07 ETA http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/12bd1e8730cd532791529877bf5e7babbbb02879- primary .sqlite.bz2: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/12bd1e8730cd532791529877bf5e7babbbb02879- primary .sqlite.bz2: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds' ) Trying other mirror. (2/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 72 kB 00:00:00 mysql80-community/x86_64/prima FAILED B 00:00:15 ETA http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/833c637b3989c2dd5a079a045177d2f1c96e9c1e- primary .sqlite.bz2: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/833c637b3989c2dd5a079a045177d2f1c96e9c1e- primary .sqlite.bz2: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds' ) Trying other mirror. (3/3): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db | 107 kB 00:00:00 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.20-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 will be obsoleted --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =============================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =============================================================================================== Installing: mysql-community-libs x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 4.5 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 1.2 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 mysql-community-server x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 488 M Installing for dependencies: mysql-community-client x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 47 M mysql-community-common x86_64 8.0.20-1.el7 mysql80-community 609 k Transaction Summary =============================================================================================== Install 3 Packages (+2 Dependent packages) Total download size : 541 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql80-community/packages/mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY Public key for mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed (1/5): mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 609 kB 00:00:00 (2/5): mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 4.5 MB 00:00:13 (3/5): mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.2 MB 00:00:04 mysql-community-client-8.0.20- FAILED B 00:22:23 ETA http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds' ) Trying other mirror. (4/5): mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 488 MB 00:22:18 (5/5): mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 47 MB 00:01:57 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 376 kB/s | 541 MB 00:24:34 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG- KEY -mysql Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5: Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 Package : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch (installed) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG- KEY -mysql Is this ok [y/N]: y Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 1/6 Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 2/6 Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 3/6 Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 4/6 Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 5/6 Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64 6/6 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 1/6 Verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 2/6 Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 3/6 Verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 4/6 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64 5/6 Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64 6/6 Installed: mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 Dependency Installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 Replaced: mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 Complete!

安装完成后就会覆盖掉之前的mariadb

二、配置Mysql数据库

启动MySQL

1	`systemctl start mysqld.service`

查看MySQL运行状态

1	`systemctl status mysqld.service`

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Wed 2020-05-13 23:57:41 HKT; 18s ago Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Process: 9563 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 9649 (mysqld) Status: "Server is operational" Tasks: 39 CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service └─9649 /usr/sbin/mysqld May 13 23:57:34 CentOS.highning.com systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server... May 13 23:57:41 CentOS.highning.com systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

找出root初始密码

1	`grep` `"password"` `/var/log/mysqld.log`

2020-05-13T15:57:37.815353Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9*CxxNRWHqmL

进入数据库：

1	`mysql -uroot -p`

输入密码（密码是上面查询到的 ,/wsw6gif;eH ），此时不能操作数据库，必须修改密码之后才能操作数据库

1	`ALTER` `USER` `'root'` `@` `'localhost'` `IDENTIFIED` `BY` `'new password'` `;`

其中‘new password'替换成你要设置的密码，注意:密码设置必须要大小写字母数字和特殊符号（,/';:等）,不然不能配置成功

三、开启mysql的远程访问

执行以下命令开启远程访问限制（注意：下面命令开启的IP是 192.168.0.1，如要开启所有的，用%代替IP）,mysql8.0和以前的版本不一样，不能用原来的命令同时授权和创建用户：

1 2	`create` `user` `'root'` `@` `'192.168.0.1'` `identified` `by` `'password'` `;` `grant` `all` `privileges` `on` `.` `to` `'root'` `@` `'192.168.0.1'` `with` `grant` `option` `;`

再输入以下两行命令

1 2	`flush` `privileges` `;` `exit`

四、为firewalld添加开放端口

添加mysql端口3306和Tomcat端口8080

1 2 3 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent

重新载入

1	`firewall-cmd` `--reload`

最后在windows下用mysql命令登录

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.18363.778] (c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。 C:\Users\highning>mysql -h 192.168.88.88 -P 3306 -u root -p Enter password : ******** Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 10 Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and / or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and / or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; + --------------------+ | Database | + --------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | + --------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>

修改密码安全策略，改为LOW，密码长度最小6位

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%' ; + --------------------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | + --------------------------------------+--------+ | validate_password.check_user_name | ON | | validate_password.dictionary_file | | | validate_password.length | 8 | | validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password.number_count | 1 | | validate_password.policy | MEDIUM | | validate_password.special_char_count | 1 | + --------------------------------------+--------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password.policy=LOW; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password.length=6; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%' ; + --------------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | + --------------------------------------+-------+ | validate_password.check_user_name | ON | | validate_password.dictionary_file | | | validate_password.length | 6 | | validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password.number_count | 1 | | validate_password.policy | LOW | | validate_password.special_char_count | 1 | + --------------------------------------+-------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)