mysql语句查询用户权限过程详解

吾爱主题阅读：111 2024-04-05 14:21:23 评论：0

在MySQL中，如何查看一个用户被授予了那些权限呢？授予用户的权限可能分全局层级权限、数据库层级权限、表层级别权限、列层级别权限、子程序层级权限。具体分类如下：

全局层级

全局权限适用于一个给定服务器中的所有数据库。这些权限存储在mysql.user表中。GRANT ALL ON *.*和REVOKE ALL ON *.*只授予和撤销全局权限。

数据库层级

数据库权限适用于一个给定数据库中的所有目标。这些权限存储在mysql.db和mysql.host表中。GRANT ALL ON db_name.*和REVOKE ALL ON db_name.*只授予和撤销数据库权限。

表层级

表权限适用于一个给定表中的所有列。这些权限存储在mysql.tables_priv表中。GRANT ALL ON db_name.tbl_name和REVOKE ALL ON db_name.tbl_name只授予和撤销表权限。

列层级

列权限适用于一个给定表中的单一列。这些权限存储在mysql.columns_priv表中。当使用REVOKE时，您必须指定与被授权列相同的列。

子程序层级

CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE, EXECUTE和GRANT权限适用于已存储的子程序。这些权限可以被授予为全局层级和数据库层级。而且，除了CREATE ROUTINE外，这些权限可以被授予为子程序层级，并存储在mysql.procs_priv表中。

1：那么我们来创建一个测试账号test，授予全局层级的权限。如下所示：

1 2 3 4 5 mysql> grant select , insert on *.* to test@ '%' identified by 'test' ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> flush privileges ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql>

那么可以用下面两种方式查询授予test的权限。如下所示：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 mysql> show grants for test; + --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for test@% | + --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT SELECT , INSERT ON *.* TO 'test' @ '%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29' | + --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from mysql. user where user = 'test' \G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Host: % User : test Password : *94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29 Select_priv: Y Insert_priv: Y Update_priv: N Delete_priv: N Create_priv: N Drop_priv: N Reload_priv: N Shutdown_priv: N Process_priv: N File_priv: N Grant_priv: N References_priv: N Index_priv: N Alter_priv: N Show_db_priv: N Super_priv: N Create_tmp_table_priv: N Lock_tables_priv: N Execute_priv: N Repl_slave_priv: N Repl_client_priv: N Create_view_priv: N Show_view_priv: N Create_routine_priv: N Alter_routine_priv: N Create_user_priv: N Event_priv: N Trigger_priv: N Create_tablespace_priv: N ssl_type: ssl_cipher: x509_issuer: x509_subject: max_questions: 0 max_updates: 0 max_connections: 0 max_user_connections: 0 plugin: mysql_native_password authentication_string: password_expired: N 1 row in set (0.04 sec) ERROR: No query specified mysql>

2：那么我们来创建一个测试账号test，授予数据库层级的权限。如下所示：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 mysql> drop user test; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> grant select , insert , update , delete on MyDB.* to test@ '%' identified by 'test' ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from mysql. user where user = 'test' \G; --可以看到无任何授权。 mysql> select * from mysql.db where user = 'test' \G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Host: % Db: MyDB User : test Select_priv: Y Insert_priv: Y Update_priv: Y Delete_priv: Y Create_priv: N Drop_priv: N Grant_priv: N References_priv: N Index_priv: N Alter_priv: N Create_tmp_table_priv: N Lock_tables_priv: N Create_view_priv: N Show_view_priv: N Create_routine_priv: N Alter_routine_priv: N Execute_priv: N Event_priv: N Trigger_priv: N 1 row in set (0.04 sec) ERROR: No query specified mysql> mysql> show grants for test; + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for test@% | + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'test' @ '%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29' | | GRANT SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE , DELETE ON `MyDB`.* TO 'test' @ '%' | + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>

3：那么我们来创建一个测试账号test，授予表层级的权限。如下所示：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 mysql> drop user test; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> grant all on MyDB.kkk to test@ '%' identified by 'test' ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> mysql> show grants for test; + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for test@% | + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'test' @ '%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29' | | GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'test' @ '%' | + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from mysql.tables_priv\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Host: % Db: MyDB User : test Table_name: kkk Grantor: root@localhost Timestamp : 0000-00-00 00:00:00 Table_priv: Select , Insert , Update , Delete , Create , Drop , References , Index , Alter , Create View ,Show view , Trigger Column_priv: 1 row in set (0.01 sec) ERROR: No query specified mysql> <br>

4：那么我们来创建一个测试账号test，授予列层级的权限。如下所示：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 mysql> drop user test; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> grant select (id, col1) on MyDB.TEST1 to test@ '%' identified by 'test' ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> flush privileges ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> select * from mysql.columns_priv; + ------+------+------+------------+-------------+---------------------+-------------+ | Host | Db | User | Table_name | Column_name | Timestamp | Column_priv | + ------+------+------+------------+-------------+---------------------+-------------+ | % | MyDB | test | TEST1 | id | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | Select | | % | MyDB | test | TEST1 | col1 | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | Select | + ------+------+------+------------+-------------+---------------------+-------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show grants for test; + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for test@% | + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'test' @ '%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29' | | GRANT SELECT (id, col1) ON `MyDB`.`TEST1` TO 'test' @ '%' | + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> <br>

5：那么我们来创建一个测试账号test，授子程序层级的权限。如下所示：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 mysql> DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS PRC_TEST; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> DELIMITER // mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE PRC_TEST() -> BEGIN -> SELECT * FROM kkk; -> END // Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> DELIMITER ; mysql> grant execute on procedure MyDB.PRC_TEST to test@ '%' identified by 'test' ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> flush privileges ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> show grants for test; + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for test@% | + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'test' @ '%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29' | | GRANT EXECUTE ON PROCEDURE `MyDB`.`prc_test` TO 'test' @ '%' | + -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from mysql.procs_priv where User = 'test' ; + ------+------+------+--------------+--------------+----------------+-----------+---------------------+ | Host | Db | User | Routine_name | Routine_type | Grantor | Proc_priv | Timestamp | + ------+------+------+--------------+--------------+----------------+-----------+---------------------+ | % | MyDB | test | PRC_TEST | PROCEDURE | root@localhost | Execute | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | + ------+------+------+--------------+--------------+----------------+-----------+---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> <br>